Dubbo Map | Dubbo Atlas | Map of Dubbo | Australia Continent

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Dubbo (New South Wales)

Dubbo is a city in the Orana Region of New South Wales, Australia. It is the largest population centre in the Orana region, with a population of 32,327 and serves an estimated catchment of 130,000.

It is located at the intersection of the Mitchell, Newell and Golden highways. Dubbo is located approximately 275 m (902 ft) above sea level, 303 km (188 mi) north-west of the state capital Sydney (400 km/249 mi by road) and is a major road and rail freight hub to other parts of New South Wales. Dubbo is considered the cross-roads of New South Wales. It is linked by national highways north to Brisbane, south to Melbourne, east to Sydney and Newcastle, and west to Broken Hill and Adelaide.

Dubbo is included in the rainfall records and weather forecast region for the Central West Slopes and in the Central West Slopes and Plains division of the Bureau of Meteorology forecasts.

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Goulburn Map | Goulburn Atlas | Map of Goulburn | Australia Continent

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Goulburn (New South Wales)

Goulburn is a regional city in the Southern Tablelands of New South Wales, Australia. It is located approximately 195 kilometres (121 mi) south-west of Sydney, Australia, and 90 kilometres (56 mi) north-east of Canberra. Goulburn brands itself as “Australia’s first inland city”, although this is a claim that the city of Bathurst also makes, As of Census night 2011, Goulburn had a population of 21,484 people. Goulburn is the seat of Goulburn Mulwaree Council.

Goulburn is a railhead on the Main Southern line and service centre for the surrounding pastoral industry and a stopover for those travelling on the Hume Highway. It has a central park and many historic buildings. It is also home to the Big Merino, the world’s largest concrete sheep.

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Grafton Map | Grafton Atlas | Map of Grafton | Australia Continent

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Grafton (New South Wales)

The city of Grafton is the commercial hub of the Clarence River Valley. Established in 1851, Grafton features many historic buildings and tree-lined streets.

Located approximately 630 kilometres north of Sydney and 340 km south of Brisbane, Queensland, Grafton and the Clarence Valley can be reached by road, rail or air. At the 2006 census, Grafton had a population of 17,501 people.

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Broken Hill Map | Broken Hill Atlas | Map of Broken Hill | Australia Continent

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Broken Hill (New South Wales)

Broken Hill is an isolated mining city in the far west of outback New South Wales, Australia (31°57′00″S 141°26′00″W.). The world’s largest mining company, BHP Billiton, has roots in the town.

Broken Hill is located near the border with South Australia on the crossing of the Barrier Highway (national route 32) and the Silver City Highway (national route 79), in the Barrier Range. It is 220 m (722 ft) above sea level, has an average rainfall of 235 mm (9 in) and summer temperatures that reach well over 40 °C (104 °F). The closest major city is Adelaide, the capital of South Australia, which is more than 500 km (311 mi) to the southwest. Unlike the rest of New South Wales, Broken Hill (and the surrounding region) observes Australian Central Standard Time, UTC+9:30, a time zone it shares with South Australia and the Northern Territory.

Broken Hill has been called The Silver City, the Oasis of the West, and the Capital of the Outback. Although over 1,100 km (684 mi) west of Sydney, and surrounded by semi-desert, the town still manages colourful park and garden displays, and offers a number of attractions.

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Campbelltown Map | Campbelltown Atlas | Map of Campbelltown | Australia Continent

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Campbelltown (New South Wales)

Campbelltown is a suburb in south-western Sydney, New South Wales. Campbelltown is located 60 kilometres south-west of the Sydney central business district and is the administrative centre for the local government area of the City of Campbelltown.

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Cessnock Map | Cessnock Atlas | Map of Cessnock | Australia Continent

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Cessnock (New South Wales)

Cessnock is a city in the Hunter Region of New South Wales, Australia, about 52 km (32 mi) by road west of Newcastle. It is the administrative centre of the Cessnock City Council LGA and was named after an 1826 grant of land called Cessnock Estate, which was owned by John Campbell.

The local area once known as “The Coalfields” is now the gateway city to the vineyards of the Hunter Valley, which includes Pokolbin, Mount View, Broke, Rothbury, and Branxton.

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Armidale Map | Armidale Atlas | Map of Armidale | Australia Continent

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Armidale (New South Wales)

Armidale is a city in the Northern Tablelands, New South Wales, Australia. Armidale Dumaresq Shire had a population of 19,485 people according to the 2006 census.

It is the administrative centre for the Northern Tablelands region. It is located approximately half way between Sydney and Brisbane at the junction of the New England Highway, national route 15, and Waterfall Way.

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Bathurst Map | Bathurst Atlas | Map of Bathurst | Australia Continent

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Bathurst (New South Wales)

Bathurst is a regional city in the Central Tablelands of New South Wales, Australia. It is approximately 200 kilometres (120 mi) west of Sydney and is the seat of the Bathurst Regional Council. Bathurst is the oldest inland settlement in Australia and had an estimated population of 33,110 people on 2011 Census night. Residents of Bathurst are known as “Bathurstians”.

Bathurst is often referred to as Gold Country as it was the site of the first gold discovery and where the first gold rush occurred in Australia. Today The Legend of Peter Brock, education, tourism and manufacturing drive the economy. The internationally known racetrack Mount Panorama is a landmark of the city. Bathurst has an historic city centre with many buildings remaining from the gold rush period of the mid to late 1800s.

The median age of the city’s population is 34.0 years; this is related to the large education sector in the community and is particularly young for a regional centre (the state average is 36.4.) Population growth has reached 1.6% per annum over the five years until 2010, making Bathurst the seventh fastest growing regional city in NSW. This growth over recent years has resulted in increased urban development including retail precincts, sporting facilities, housing estates and expanding industrial areas.

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Blue Mountains Map | Blue Mountains Atlas | Map of Blue Mountains | Australia Continent

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Blue Mountains (New South Wales)

The City of Blue Mountains is a local government area of New South Wales, Australia, governed by the Blue Mountains City Council. The city is located in the Blue Mountains range west of Sydney.

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Albury Map | Albury Atlas | Map of Albury | Australia Continent

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Albury (New South Wales)

Albury is a major regional city in New South Wales, Australia, located on the Hume Highway on the northern side of the Murray River. It is located wholly within the boundaries of the City of Albury Local Government Area.

Albury has an urban population of 45,627 people. It is separated from its twin city in Victoria, Wodonga by the Murray River. Together the two cities form an urban area with a population of more than 80,000. It is 554 kilometres (344 mi) from the state capital Sydney and 326 kilometres (203 mi) from the Victorian capital Melbourne.

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Sydney Map | Sydney Atlas | Map of Sydney | Australia Continent

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Sydney (New South Wales)

Sydney is the state capital of New South Wales and the most populous city in Australia. It is located on Australia’s south-east coast of the Tasman Sea. As of June 2010, the greater metropolitan area had an approximate population of 4.6 million people. Inhabitants of Sydney are called Sydneysiders, comprising a cosmopolitan and international population.

The site of the first British colony in Australia, Sydney was established in 1788 at Sydney Cove by Arthur Phillip, commodore of the First Fleet, as a penal colony. The city is built on hills surrounding Port Jackson which is commonly known as Sydney Harbour, where the iconic Sydney Opera House and the Harbour Bridge feature prominently. The hinterland of the metropolitan area is surrounded by national parks, and the coastal regions feature many bays, rivers, inlets and beaches including the famous Bondi Beach and Manly Beach. Within the city are many notable parks, including Hyde Park and the Royal Botanic Gardens.

Sydney often ranks highly in various world cities rankings. It has hosted multiple major international sporting events, including the 1938 British Empire Games (now known as Commonwealth Games) and the 2000 Summer Olympics. The main airport serving Sydney is Sydney Airport[6] and its main port is Port Botany.

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Canberra Map | Canberra Atlas | Map of Canberra | Australia Continent

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Canberra (Australian Capital Territory)

Canberra is the capital city of Australia. With a population of 367,000, it is Australia’s largest inland city and the eighth-largest city overall. The city is located at the northern end of the Australian Capital Territory (ACT), 280 km (170 mi) south-west of Sydney, and 660 km (410 mi) north-east of Melbourne. A resident of Canberra is known as a “Canberran”.

The site of Canberra was selected for the location of the nation’s capital in 1908 as a compromise between rivals Sydney and Melbourne, Australia’s two largest cities. It is unusual among Australian cities, being an entirely planned city outside of any state, similar to the American Federal District of Columbia. Following an international contest for the city’s design, a blueprint by the Chicago architects Walter Burley Griffin and Marion Mahony Griffin was selected and construction commenced in 1913. The Griffins’ plan featured geometric motifs such as circles, hexagons and triangles, and was centred around axes aligned with significant topographical landmarks in the Australian Capital Territory.

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Australian Capital Territory Map | Australian Capital Territory Atlas | Map of Australian Capital Territory | Australia Continent

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Australian Capital Territory (ACT)

Australian Capital Territory (abbreviated ACT) (formerly, “The Territory for the Seat of Government” and, later, the “Federal Capital Territory”) is a territory in the south east of Australia, enclaved within New South Wales. It is the smallest self-governing internal territory in Australia. The most populous city is Canberra, the capital city of Australia.

The need for a National Territory was flagged by colonial delegates during the Federation conventions of the late 19th century. Section 125 of the Australian Constitution provided that following Federation in 1901, land would be ceded freely to the new Federal Government. The territory was transferred to the Commonwealth by the state of New South Wales in 1911, two years prior to the naming of Canberra as the National Capital in 1913. The floral emblem of the ACT is the Royal Bluebell and the bird emblem is the Gang-gang Cockatoo.

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Northern Territory Map | Northern Territory Atlas | Map of Northern Territory | Australia Continent

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Northern Territory (NT)

Northern Territory (abbreviated as NT) is an Australian federal territory in the centre and central northern region of Australia. It shares borders with Western Australia to the west (129th meridian east), South Australia to the south (26th parallel south), and Queensland to the east (138th meridian east).

To the north, the territory is bordered by the Timor Sea, the Arafura Sea and the Gulf of Carpentaria. Despite its large area over 1,349,129 square kilometres (520,902 sq mi), making it the third largest Australian federal division it is sparsely populated. With a population of 233,300 it is the least populous of Australia’s eight major states and territories.

The archeological history of the Northern Territory begins over 40,000 years ago when Indigenous Australians settled the region. Makassan traders began trading with the indigenous people of the Northern Territory for trepang from at least the 18th century onwards, and very likely for 300 years prior to that.

The coast of the territory was first seen by Europeans in the 17th century. The British were the first Europeans to attempt to settle the coastal regions in the 19th century; however no attempt was successful until the establishment of a settlement at Port Darwin in 1869. Today the economy is based on tourism, especially Kakadu National Park in the Top End and the Uluru-Kata Tjuta National Park (Ayers Rock) in central Australia, and mining.

The capital city is Darwin. The population is not concentrated in coastal regions but rather along the Stuart Highway. The other major settlements are (in order of size) Alice Springs, Katherine, Nhulunbuy, and Tennant Creek.

Residents of the Northern Territory are often known simply as ‘Territorians’, or more informally as ‘Top Enders’ and ‘Centralians’.

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Tasmania Map | Tasmania Atlas | Map of Tasmania | Australia Continent

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Tasmania (Tas)

Tasmania (abbreviated as Tas) is an island state 240 kilometres (150 mi) to the south of the Australian continent, separated by the Bass Strait. The state includes the island of Tasmania, the 26th largest island in the world, and the surrounding 334 islands. The state has a population of 507,626 (as of June 2010), of whom almost half reside in the greater Hobart precinct. Tasmania’s area is 68,401 square kilometres (26,410 sq mi), of which the main island covers 62,409 square kilometres (24,096 sq mi).

Tasmania is promoted as the natural state, the “Island of Inspiration”, and A World Apart, Not A World Away owing to its large and relatively unspoiled natural environment. Almost 37% of Tasmania lies in reserves, national parks and World Heritage Sites. The island is 364 kilometres (226 mi) long from its northernmost to its southernmost points, and 306 kilometres (190 mi) from west to east.

The state capital and largest city is Hobart, which encompasses the local government areas of City of Hobart, City of Glenorchy, and City of Clarence, while the satellite town of Kingston (part of the Municipality of Kingborough) is generally included in the Greater Hobart area.

The subantarctic Macquarie Island is also under the administration of the state as part of the Huon Valley Council local government area.

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Queensland Map | Queensland Atlas | Map of Queensland | Australia Continent

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Queensland (Qld)

Queensland (abbreviated as Qld) is the second-largest and third-most populous state in Australia. Situated in the northeast of the country, it is bordered by the Northern Territory, South Australia and New South Wales to the west, southwest and south respectively. To the east, Queensland is bordered by the Coral Sea and Pacific Ocean.

Queensland has a population of 4,580,700, concentrated along the coast and particularly in the state’s South East. The state is the world’s sixth largest subnational entity, with an area of 1,852,642 km2. The capital and largest city in the state is Brisbane, Australia’s third largest city. Referred to as the ‘Sunshine State’, Queensland is home to 10 of Australia’s 30 largest cities and is the nation’s third largest economy.

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Western Australia Map | Western Australia Atlas | Map of Western Australia | Australia Continent

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Western Australia (WA)

Western Australia (abbreviated as WA) is a state occupying the entire western third of Australia. It is bounded by the Indian Ocean to the north and west, the Great Australian Bight and Indian Ocean to the south, the Northern Territory to the north-east and South Australia to the south-east. Western Australia is Australia’s largest state and the second-largest country subdivision in the world. The state has approximately 2.4 million inhabitants (around 10% of the national total), the majority of whom live in the south-west corner of the state.

The first European to visit Western Australia was the Dutch explorer Dirk Hartog, who visited the Western Australian coast in 1616. The British established a military outpost at King George Sound, near present-day Albany, in 1826, was followed by the establishment of the Swan River Colony in 1829, including the site of the present-day capital, Perth. York was the first inland settlement in Western Australia. Situated 97 kilometres east of Perth settled on 16 September 1831.

Western Australia achieved self-government in 1890, and later federated with the other British colonies in Australia in 1901. Today Western Australia’s economy mainly relies on mining, agriculture, and tourism, with the state supplying 46% of Australia’s exports. Western Australia is the second-largest iron ore producer in the world.

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Western Australia Map | Western Australia Atlas | Map of Western Australia | Australia Continent

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Western Australia (WA)

Western Australia (abbreviated as WA) is a state occupying the entire western third of Australia. It is bounded by the Indian Ocean to the north and west, the Great Australian Bight and Indian Ocean to the south, the Northern Territory to the north-east and South Australia to the south-east. Western Australia is Australia’s largest state and the second-largest country subdivision in the world. The state has approximately 2.4 million inhabitants (around 10% of the national total), the majority of whom live in the south-west corner of the state.

The first European to visit Western Australia was the Dutch explorer Dirk Hartog, who visited the Western Australian coast in 1616. The British established a military outpost at King George Sound, near present-day Albany, in 1826, was followed by the establishment of the Swan River Colony in 1829, including the site of the present-day capital, Perth. York was the first inland settlement in Western Australia. Situated 97 kilometres east of Perth settled on 16 September 1831.

Western Australia achieved self-government in 1890, and later federated with the other British colonies in Australia in 1901. Today Western Australia’s economy mainly relies on mining, agriculture, and tourism, with the state supplying 46% of Australia’s exports. Western Australia is the second-largest iron ore producer in the world.

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South Australia Map | South Australia Atlas | Map of South Australia | Australia Continent

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South Australia (SA)

South Australia (abbreviated as SA) is a state in the southern central part of Australia. It covers some of the most arid parts of the continent. With a total land area of 983,482 square kilometres (379,725 sq mi), it is the fourth largest of Australia’s states and territories.

South Australia shares borders with all of the other mainland states, and with the Northern Territory; it is bordered to the west by Western Australia, to the north by the Northern Territory, to the north-east by Queensland, to the east by New South Wales, to the south-east by Victoria, and to the south by the Great Australian Bight and the Indian Ocean. With over 1.6 million people, the state comprises less than 8% of the Australian population and ranks fifth in population among the states and territories. The majority of its people reside in the state capital, Adelaide, with most of the remainder settled in fertile areas along the south-eastern coast and River Murray. The state’s origins are unique in Australia as a freely settled, planned British province, rather than as a convict settlement. Official settlement began on 28 December 1836, when the colony was proclaimed at The Old Gum Tree by Governor John Hindmarsh.

The first settlement to be established was Kingscote, Kangaroo Island, on 26 July 1836, five months before Adelaide was founded. The guiding principle behind settlement was that of systematic colonisation, a theory espoused by Edward Gibbon Wakefield that was later employed by the New Zealand Company. The aim was to establish the province as a centre of civilisation for free immigrants, promising civil liberties and religious tolerance. Although its history is marked by economic hardship, South Australia has remained politically innovative and culturally vibrant. Today, the state is known as a state of festivals and of fine wine. The state’s economy centres on the agricultural, manufacturing and mining industries and has an increasingly significant finance sector as well.

South Australia’s Governor is Kevin Scarce and its Premier is Jay Weatherill of the Australian Labor Party.

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Victoria Map | Victoria Atlas | Map of Victoria | Australia Continent

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Victoria (Vic.)

Victoria (abbreviated as Vic.) is a state in the south-east of Australia. Geographically the smallest mainland state, Victoria is bordered by New South Wales to the north, the Tasman Sea to the east, the Bass Strait and Tasmania to the south, and South Australia to the west.

Australia’s most densely-populated state, most of Victoria’s population is concentrated in the area surrounding Port Phillip, including the capital and largest city, Melbourne, which is also Australia’s second-largest city overall.

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New South Wales Map | New South Wales Atlas | Map of New South Wales | Australia Continent

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New South Wales (NSW)

New South Wales (abbreviated as NSW) is a state in the east of Australia. It is bordered by Queensland, Victoria and South Australia to the north, south and west respectively. To the east, the state is bordered by the Tasman Sea, which forms part of the Pacific Ocean. New South Wales encompasses the whole of the Australian Capital Territory. New South Wales’ capital city is Sydney, which is also the state’s most populous city. As of June 2010, the estimated population was 7,238,819, which was 34.5% of the population of Australia, making it Australia’s most populous state. Inhabitants of New South Wales are referred to as New South Welshmen.

The colony of New South Wales was founded in 1788 and originally comprised much of the Australian mainland, as well as Van Diemen’s Land, Lord Howe Island and Norfolk Island, in addition to the area currently referred to as the state of New South Wales, which was formed during Federation in 1901. New Zealand briefly became a part of New South Wales when it was annexed by Britain in 1840. During the 19th century, large areas were successively separated to form the British colonies of Tasmania (established as a separate colony named Van Diemen’s Land in 1825), South Australia (1836), Victoria (1851), and Queensland (1859).

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Australia Continent Map | Australia Continent Atlas | Map of Australia Continent | Australia Continent

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Australia Continent

Australia is a continent comprising mainland Australia, Tasmania, New Guinea, Timor, Seram, and neighbouring islands. The continent is sometimes known in technical contexts by the names Sahul, Australinea or Meganesia, to distinguish it from the Australian mainland. It is the smallest of the seven traditional continents in the English conception. New Zealand is not part of the continent of Australia, but of the separate, submerged continent of Zealandia. Zealandia and Australia are both part of the wider regions known as Australasia and Oceania.

The continent of Australia lies on a continental shelf overlain by shallow seas which divide it into several landmasses the Arafura Sea and Torres Strait between mainland Australia and New Guinea, and Bass Strait between mainland Australia and Tasmania. When sea levels were lower during the Pleistocene ice age, including the last glacial maximum about 18,000 BC, they were connected by dry land. During the past ten thousand years, rising sea levels overflowed the lowlands and separated the continent into today’s low-lying arid to semi-arid mainland and the two mountainous islands of New Guinea and Tasmania. Geologically, a continent extends to the edge of its continental shelf, so the now-separate islands are considered part of the continent. Due to the spread of animals, fungi and plants across the single Pleistocene landmass the separate lands have a related biota.

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